The passage of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act of 1993 was a critical milestone that mandated the inclusion of women in clinical research to improve healthcare for all people.  Unfortunately, nearly two decades later, only 37% of clinical human studies include women.

Rationale for including sex in human studies

• Sex and gender differences in Health
• Sex, Equity and Science
• Sex and Sensitivity:  the continued need for sex-based biolmedical research and implementation

Tools to help increase sex inclusion in Human Studies

• Designing Health & Biomedical Research ---Courtesy of Stanford's Innovations
• Analyzing Factors Intersecting with Sex and Gender ---Courtesy of Stanford.
• Illinois Women's Health Registry
• Development and Evaluation of Briefing Notes as a Novel Knowledge Translation Tool to Implement Sex/Gender Analysis 
• Scientific Excellence in Applying Sex- and Gender-Sensitive Methods in Biomedical and Health Research

Human Research Tools by Disease

Stategies and Methods for Research on Sex Differences in Brain and Behavior

Studying sex and gender differences in pain and analgesia:  A consensus report

Sex and Gender Differences in Pharmacology  (Springer Books)

Sex differences in Brain, Behaviour, Mental Health and Mental Disorders

Musculoskeletal:  Addressing Sex and Gender in Systematic Reviews

Addressing the gaps:  sex differences in osteoarthritis of the knee