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Synopsis: Only about a third of research subjects in clinical studies are women. In basic research on animals and cells, female models are even more poorly represented. This results in poor understanding of how new drugs work on women and occasional drug recalls when major side effects are discovered after the fact. Experts discuss why such an imbalance occurs, its results, and how the problem is being addressed.

Host: Reed Pence. Guests: Dr. Teresa Woodruff, Director, Women’s Health Research Institute, Northwestern University; Dr. Melina Kibbe, Professor of Surgery, Northwestern University; Dr. Kathryn Sandberg, Director, Center for the Study of Sex Differences in Health, Aging & Disease, Georgetown Univeresity

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